Lamp.



V. S. JOHNSON..

LAMP.

APPLKIATIQN FILED FEB. 25. |913.

1,21 1,1163. Patented Jan. 2,1917.

FIIIIHI! HWI H WITNESSES Alim/ne] J/ i VICTOR IS. JOHNSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 THE MANTLE LAMP COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

' LAMP.

Chicago, in the county of Cook and State .l

of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I dohereby'-y declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enabley others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is alflame-spreader, or air i distributer, adapted forhydrocarbon burners of the Argand type, and more particularly for the type known as mantle burners. The main object of the invention is to reduce the amount of heat of conduction that is transmitted to the burner parts from the flame spreader, more especially the' heat transmitted to the fuel carrier (or wick tubes), and thereby help to prevent increased vaporization of the fuel and consequently maintain the flame at a predetermined heigh or volume. 1 l It has been observed that in flame-spreaders employed in burners of this type, that .a large amount of heat is conducted from the flame to other parts of the burner and more especially to the fuel carrier or wick tubes. This heat causes the vaporization of the hydrocarbon fuel in excess of the amount which can be effectively burned with theamount of air that it is possible to supply* to the point of combustion, thereby causing the flame to increase in volume on the predetermined or normal working point, also causing the lia-me to change the character of its combustion and give olf smoky unburnt products. 'This defect is noticeable not only when the flame is at a normal working position, but also when the flame is -turned verylow, for the reason that the small flame comes in'closer contact with the spreader and operates to produce the same result as heretofore stated. l

In overcoming the objections noted, I have provided a flame spreader of the thimble type, preferably mounted owithin the usual inner wick tube, said spreader having.

means whereby air is employed as an insulator from the heat of the'flame, an air chamber being maintained by a baffle carried by the flame spreader. Moreover, the portion of the spreader subjected to the greatest heat is so constructed that a large Specication of Letters Patent.

S. JOHNSON,

I Patented Jan. 2, 1917.

Application filed February, 19,13.l Serial No. 750,680.

amount of the heat in the metal is lost by radiation previous to reaching the shank ofthe s'preader, a part coming in contact with the wick tubes.

The invention consists further in the features of construction and combination' of parts hereinafter described and specified in the appended claims.

` One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but the construction shown therein is to be understood as illustrative only, and not as delining the limits of the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through `a portion of a burner, illustrating the operative position of the parts.. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of the flamesprea'der. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view i through th'e'flame spreader showing the baf-I fle in position. Fig. 4 is a detailed side elevation of the baffle removed from the spreader. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view through a modified form of the device, and Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional view of the baille of Fig. 5.

In the embodiment of the invention disclosed inl the accompanying drawings, lI have shown the device applied to a type of burner 1 0 having a removable galley 11 and provided with a central draft through an inner wick tube 12. y This inner tube is preferably provided with an internal shoulder 13, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. I

An outer wick tube 14 is shown concenthric with the inner wick tube, between which tubes iscarried a capillary fuel carrier or wick A. A baille 15 is preferably positioned on the outer Wick tube 14 to, form a chamber adjacent the outer. surface of the wick, near the top thereof. This vconstruction has been position. From an inspection of Fig. 2, it

will be observed that this spreader is provided with a solid top wall 17 to deflect theJ air fromtheinner wick tube from its verti- -cal path to a horizontal path through the perforations 18 in the side wall of the thimble. It is preferred to place the perforations 18 very-close together and arrange them 1n horizontal rows, the perforations of one row being staggered withfrelation to the perforations of the next adjacent row. The remaining portion of this wall, which I have termed the shank 19, is preferably plain except for the internal recesses 20 disclosed at the base of the spreader. The perforations ,are arranged in a plurality of rows, the number of such rows rbeing determined by the type of lamp employed. In one embodiment of the invention, I have found it desirable to employ seven rows of the perforations 18, said perforations extending from the closed top 17 to substantially the top of the inner tube 12.

In the form of lamps having central parts and a thimble spreader, itv has been found that the heat from the flame is carried by the spreader to the wick tube, causing an excess las .of vaporization of the hydro-carbon lfluid,

thereby increasing the volume of the flame beyond that which is desired. vTo' prevent this wick tube heating up to an appreciable extent, I have not only provided the rows yof perforations 18 in addition to those which are usually employed, but have also provided a baffle 21 mounted within the walls ofthe thimble and adapted to produce an. air space or chamber B between the per? `forated wall of the llame spreader and one wall of the baille, as will be understood from an inspection of Figsl and 5.

One important part-of this-invention residesl in the generator or llame-spreader having the upper end thereof provided with a number of perforations 18, the'to wall 17 of the spreader being supporte by ,a plurality of small bridges of metal. The increased number of perforations, placed close together, serve to reduce the amount of heat of the llame from reaching the wick tubes. .In operating a lamp, the flame plays near or on the upper extremity of'the Walls of the flame-spreader causing this upper portion to become excessivelyvheated. .With the construction shownv herein, 'it is necessary that the heat must travel a considerable distance in small bridges of metal where it has a'great chance to dissipate itself by radiation. The flame y'spreader `of this lconstrue-r` tion, however, if used alone, will not accomplish the purposes desired by the invention for the reason that air would be introduced through the lower rows of holes at too low a point into the llame. Accordingly, I have employed the inner baille to prevent the introduction of air through these lower holes.

This baille is preferably adjusted to its working position within the spreader and tted tightly to its inner wall, lsuch adjustment being effected by the walls 19 and 21. The

its base than at its top, 1ts walls being prefi erably inclined at 22, whereby when`l the baffle is inserted to 'its `operative position within the llame spreader, the upper portlon 23 of its wall will be positioned out `of contact with the walls 'of the spreader, thereby forming an air space adjacent to the lower rows of perforations`18, land at the same time practically close said lower rows -o-f holes as air admission members. This baille is positioned far enough away from the upper part of the spreader to prevent it from absorbing heat and thereby 4foil the object of the extra perforations in the wall of the spreader. rllhe wall of the spreader is spaced a\'s11llicient distance from the wall of the baffle to produce v'an air space or chamber,

'is knownto be a good heat insulator.

In Figs. vand 6, I have provided the '1mperforate wall 19 of the spreader with means for retaining the inner baille 21 adj ustably in position. In this construction, I have shown the imperforate wall provided with an upstanding nib 24 which is adapted lto engage an irregular slot 25 formed within the wall of the ball/le 21, whereby the baille may be inserted in the open end'of the spreader having the slot 25 engage the nib and said baffle can be forced into position and guided by the slot tothe required height within the spreader.' In Fig. 3, I haveshown the baflle inoperative position for. one embodiment of the invention, the top of the baille being at substantially the fourth row of perforations 18, thereby enabling the remaining rows of perforations to radiate the heat and substantially cool the metal. adjacent the end of the wick tube.

The thimble flame spreader is removably mounted upon the knurl 13 so as to permit cleaning of the various parts, and in operation the air is admitted through the inner tube over the top of the baille 21 against the llame, as in the usual type, while the remaining perforations below the top of this baille, combined with the air chamber B, serve as the means for reducing the temperature of the metallic inner wick tube. u

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l o 1. A lamp burner comprising a wick, an inner wick tube, an outer wickl tube, a removable ballle carriedV by the outer wick tube for producing a chamber near the outer surface ofthe Wick, a spreader mounted on the inner wick tube, and a baflle carried within the spreader to produce a chamber near the inner surface of the wick.

v2. A lamp burner comprisinga wick, an

vwick, a flame spreader having perforated' inner wick tube, an outer wick tube, anouter baille carried by the outer wick tube to rovide a chamber near the outer surface o the sides, and a bafflepositioned within the flame spreader to produce a chamber between the flame spreader and the baille, and restrict the passage of air through the side perforations of said spreader.

3. A lamp burner including a wick tube, a flame spreader the side wall of which is provided with perforations extending substantially to the wick tube, and a baffle having its upper part spaced away from the flame spreader and said upper part terminating at a point above the wick tube to restrict the passage of air through a perforated part of said wall to a flame whenset low.

4:. A lampl burner comprising an inner wick tube, a flame spreader supported thereby, said flame spreader having a dependingl wall which is perforated at its upper portion and imperforate at' its lower portion,

and an imperforate baffle mounted within the spreader to engage the lower imperforate part of the depending wall and to form an air space between the perforated portion of said depending wall and said baille, and to restrict the passage of air fromV the inner wick tube .to the flame through the lower perforations in said depending wall. Y.

5. A lamp burner comprising' an inner wick tube, a flame spreader having a depending wall, said depending wall being perforated at its upper portion and imperforate at its lower portion, and a baffle engaging 'a portion of said imperforate'lower portion, said baille Ahaving a contracted upper portion which is adapted to be positioned ad' jacent perforations in said depending wall to restrict the passage of air from the inner tube through the lower perforations of the depending wall.

6. A lamp burner, comprising an inner wick tube, a flame spreader supported thereby, said flame spreader having a depending wall which is provided with a plurality of rows of perforations, and a baiiie positioned within the spreader, said balilehaving a contracted section to form an air space between said depending wall and said baille, said contracted section of the baille bein r.positioned adjacent the lower rows of per orations of said depending wall to-restrict the passage of air from the inner wick tube to the flame through said lower perforations.

7. In combination with a llam spreader vhaving a perforated upper portion and an imperforate lower portion, of abaiie spaced away from said upper perforated portion and whose lower portion is of greater diameter than thevupper portion thereof, and` is provided with a slot adapted tov be 'en-- gaged by a projecting nib. positioned on the lindrical wall provided with rows of perforations at the upper portion thereof, and a cylindrical baille mounted within the said flame spreader and having a contracted cylindrical upper portion which is adapted to be positionedV adjacent the lower rows of perforations of said depending wall to form an air space between lsaid depending wall and said baffle, the upper edge of said contracted part of the baffle being on a plane above that of the'upper end of the wick tube, to thereby restrict the passage of air from the inner wick tube to' the liame through said lower perforations of the depending wall.

9. In a burner,` a thimble type flame spreader provided with a depending perforated wall, and means positioned within saidspreader to substantially preclude the flow of air through the lower perforations of said spreader.

10. In aburner, a flame spreader the wall 'of which is provided with, a plurality.J of

11. Av blue flame burner of the wicktype l comprising a burner cone, an inner wick tube, a `substantially cylindrical spreader mounted on vsaid wick tube, said spreader o having its sidewall perforated, and a baffle coperating with said spreader to restrict the flow of. air through the lower perforations of the spreader wall, said baille extending substa'ntially parallel to the perforated wall of the spreader and above the end of the wick tube and terminating below theupper plane ofthe burner cone.

1 2. A blue flame burner of the wick type comprising a wick tube, cylindrical flame spreader the top of which is imperforate and the sidewall provided with perforations, a spreader lto terminate at a point above the end of said wick tube and slightlr spaced away from the sidewall which operates to restrict the flow of air through the lower' .'perforations of said cylindrical wall of the spreader.

baille carried by said.

a substantially 13. A lamp of the bluel flame wick type. l

.embodying a burner cone having `a horizon-v tal inturned iiange,ja wick, an inner wick tube, and, a substantially cylindrical spreader carried by the Wick tube, said spreader having its side wall perforated, and means positioned Within the spreader to restrict the passage of air through the lower perforations of the side wall of the spreader, said means terminating above the lowest operative position of the wick and below the upper end of the inturned ange of the burner cone.

14. A lamp of the blue llame wick type embodying an inner Wick tube, a burner cone having a horizontal inturned flange at theupper extremity, a flame spreader inycluding a'perforated side wall and an im? perforate top, and a batlie associated With the perforated wall of the flame spreader to restrictkthe passage of air through the lower perforated part of the side wall and to per. mit free passage of air below the imperorate top, said baille terminating below the horizontal inturned flange of the burner l5. In a lamp, a flame spreader provided with a side wall having perforations to per- 1 mit the passage of air through the llame spreader and also to reduce the heat carrying capacity of the Wall of the spreader,

`and a ba-le having a part thereof spaced away from the perforated wall of the spreader and operating to restrict the flow I of air through 'the lower perforations of the side wall and'therebyellect the character of the flame.

16. A' flame spreader having an excessive number of perforations to provide air passages and to resist conduction of heat, and a bafe carried by the spreader and capable oit being variously positioned therein to render the lower 'perforations of the spreader ineffective as air passages.

17. In a blue flame burner of the wick type, a burnery cone, a wick, an inner wick tube, a perforated member adjacent the inner exposed surface of the wick, means to substantially preclude the flow 'of air through the lower perforations of said perforated member to the exposed surface of the wick, said means terminating above the` lowest position of the wick and below the upper plane of the burner cone.l

ln testimony whereof, l aiX my signature, in presence of two witnesses.`

VlCTB S. JQHNSGN. Witnesses:

d. F. NovY, A, L. ALLEXON 

